The parent routine

Combined from primary sources listed below.

In class IO::Path ( Type/IO/Path )§

See primary docmentation in context for method parent.

method parent§

multi method parent(IO::Path:D:)
multi method parent(IO::Path:D: UInt:D $level)

Returns the parent path of the invocant. Note that no actual filesystem access is made, so the returned parent is physical and not the logical parent of symlinked directories. 

'/etc/foo'.IO.parent.say; # OUTPUT: «"/etc".IO␤»
'/etc/..' .IO.parent.say; # OUTPUT: «"/etc".IO␤»
'/etc/../'.IO.parent.say; # OUTPUT: «"/etc".IO␤»
'./'      .IO.parent.say; # OUTPUT: «"..".IO␤»
'foo'     .IO.parent.say; # OUTPUT: «".".IO␤»
'/'       .IO.parent.say; # OUTPUT: «"/".IO␤»
IO::Path::Win32.new('C:/').parent.say; # OUTPUT: «"C:/".IO␤»

If $level is specified, the call is equivalent to calling .parent() $level times: 

say "/etc/foo".IO.parent(2) eqv "/etc/foo".IO.parent.parent; # OUTPUT: «True␤»

In class X::Inheritance::Unsupported ( Type/X/Inheritance/Unsupported )§

See primary docmentation in context for method parent.

method parent§

The type object that the child tried to inherit from.

In class X::Inheritance::NotComposed ( Type/X/Inheritance/NotComposed )§

See primary docmentation in context for method parent.

method parent-name§

method parent-name(X::Inheritance::NotComposed:D: --> Str:D)

Returns the name of the parent type that the type tries to inherit from